Automobile Engineering

Automobile Engineering

Introduction:

Automobile or Automotive Engineering has gained recognition and importance ever since motor vehicles capable for transporting passengers has been in vogue. Now due to the rapid growth of auto component manufacturers and automobile industries, there is a great demand for Automobile Engineers. Automobile Engineering alias Automotive Engineering or Vehicle Engineering is one of the most challenging careers in the field of engineering with a wide scope. This branch deals with the designing, developing, manufacturing, testing and repairing and servicing automobiles such as cars, trucks, motorcycles, scooters etc & the related sub Engineering systems. For the perfect blend of manufacturing and designing automobiles, Automobile Engineering uses the features of different elements of Engineering such as mechanical, electrical, electronic, software and safety engineering.

 Eligibility & Course Areas:

Ø Students who have a strong foundation in mathematics, physics, chemistry, biotechnology and computer science can find a lucrative career in the field of Automobile Engineering. Numerous institutes all over India conduct several under graduate (B.E / B. Tech degree), post graduate (M.E / M. Tech) and diploma programs in Automobile engineering.

Ø The basic eligibility criteria for BE / B.Tech in Automobile Engineering is 10+2 or equivalent examination with Physics, Chemistry and Mathematics or Bio-technology, Bio-informatics, Biomedical with a fairly high percentage of marks in the aggregate. After pursuing the bachelor's degree (B.E/B Tech), one can go for a post graduate degree; i.e. M.E/ M.Tech. and after that one can take up the Ph.D degree. 

Ø After 10th one can also choose the diploma program in Automobile Engineering and after the diploma they can take up PG diploma, or even an Engineering degree as some colleges give admission to diploma holders with 50% marks. In certain engineering colleges, mechanical engineering students can opt for Automobile engineering as an optional subject. 

Ø Selection: Admission to the B.E/ B.Tech courses is made on the basis of the marks obtained in +2 and the merit in the entrance examinations (e.g. IIT JEE, AIEEE, BITSAT, state entrance Exams etc.) conducted both at national and state level. In state Entrance exams selection will be based on the rank obtained in the entrance exam. Selection to the M.E/M.Tech courses is through GATE examination (The Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering). Diploma holders can take AMIE examination to be equivalent with the degree holder. Admissions to some of the institutions are made by their own separate entrance exams.

Ø Duration : BE / B.Tech courses in Automobile Engineering are of 4 years (8 semesters) duration while ME/ M.Tech degree and Post Graduate Diploma courses in Automobile Engineering are of 2 years, Diploma courses in Automobile Engineering are of 3 years and PhD course is of 2 years. 

Job Prospects & Career Options:

Automobile Industry has been booming in recent times, due to the growing demand for vehicles and the job prospects for automobile engineers have also increased rapidly both in India and abroad. The work of automobile engineers involves planning, designing, developing, manufacturing and testing the performance and efficiency of automobiles and their component parts including the Engine chassis and transmission systems. They design new models by keeping a view in their mind about the performance, capability, strength and appearance of the automobiles and also the expenditure for its manufacture and maintenance. The major responsibility of an Automobile engineer is maintaining the high standard of vehicle by using traditional methods and state of the art technology.

Candidates with masters degree and with 5 years experience in teaching at graduate level or industrial experience in a reputed firm can get employment as a lecturer. PhD degree holders in Automobile Engineering can work as a researcher or scientist and can further help in the development of the field

Some of the career prospects in the field of automobile engineering are:

Ø Automobile Engineering Technicians

Ø Safety Engineering

Ø Emissions Research

Ø NVH ( Noise, Vibration and Harshness) Engineers

Ø Performance Engineer

Ø Vehicle Dynamics Controller

Ø Operations Research

Ø Designing 

Globalization and incredible growth of automobile industry have resulted in numerous opportunities for automobile engineers abroad as well. Qualified candidates with excellent communication skills are very much in demand in the reputed international companies like Volvo, Ashok Leyland, Telco, Ford, Hyundai, Maruti, etc. 

Remuneration:

The remuneration depends on the status of the industry and experience, qualifications and ability of the employee. A fresh graduate in automobile engineering can earn a monthly salary of Rs.15,000 to Rs.20,000.The candidates from well-known technological institutions like IITs, NITs, and BITS will get high pay package according to their academic excellence and skills.

The remuneration will increase up to Rs 40,000 per month after having three or four years experience. Best car manufacturing companies like Honda, Audi, Skoda etc offers an awesome pay along with several perks.

Courses:

 » B.E. Automobile Engineering
 » B.Tech. Automobile Engineering
 » Certificate Programme in Automobile Technology
 » Diploma in Automobile Engineering
 » M.Tech. Automobile Engineering
 » Post Graduate Diploma in Automobile Maintenance

Audio / Sound Engineering

Introduction:

Audio engineering, a branch of Audio science, is a career for those who love music and wish to be a part of this industry. Audio Engineering is all about capturing sound, recording, copying, editing, mixing and reproducing sound using electronic and mechanical devices. It involves both production and post production tasks. Production part may involve everything from set-up to the actual recording. Audio engineers use a variety of devices to record even the slightest sound variations. Electronic mixing board (console board), which contains variety of switches, dials, lights and meters, is a vital part in audio engineering as it can control sound input while recording or editing. In the post production section, the recorded material gets polished or "morphed" into sound. Digital audio workstations, signal processors and sequencing software are the other integral components used in audio engineering.

An audio engineer is someone with experience and training in production and manipulation of sound through mechanical and digital means. Those who have studied any course in audiography and sound recording can become an audio engineer. They are responsible for the final sound that we hear in music, i.e in songs, background scores in videos, films, advertisements and so on. An audio engineer should possess a good ear for music and sounds just like a journalist should have a nose for news. They may sometimes be known as recording engineers and sound engineers, even though the latter are the persons who develop instruments for the audio engineers.

Audio engineering is one of the most popular and promising career in the modern generation that offers immense opportunity in the field of film, video production, sound broadcasting and advertising both in India and abroad. To be good in this field, lot of commitment and interest is required.

Eligibility:

To become a successful audio engineer, one should be well trained in any degree or diploma courses in audiography, sound recording, sound engineering and audio engineering. No specific educational qualification is required for a training in this field. However, for Post graduate courses in audio engineering one should have a bachelor's degree. Though not necessary, a basic knowledge in physics and mathematics will be an advantage for the audio engineers, as they have to under go many calculations such as reverberations of the room, calculating the delay time etc. More over the practical training will make the person good at audio engineering. Besides these courses, there are several online courses.

One who has the background in electrical engineering and fine arts can also pursue a career in this field. He should be expert in using various recording equipment such as Mixing consoles and Microphones. Signal processors, Tape machines, Digital audio workstations, music sequencers, speakers, preamplifiers, amplifiers are some of other equipment used by the audio engineers.

Job Prospects & Career Options:

Holding a diploma or degree in audio engineering is the first step for pursuing a career in this field. After successful completion of a course, one could find job opportunities in the field of movies, television, advertising and broad casting, live concerts, multimedia organisations, CD production, schools and so on.

Besides studios, audio engineers can also work on a freelance basis. As the audio engineering field is becoming highly competitive, those who have talent and specific skills can fare well.

Some of the career options in this field are :

 •  Studio Engineer
 •  Sound Recordist
 •  Broadcast Engineer
 •  Sound Editor
 •  Re- recording mixer
 •  Dialogue editor
 •  Music editor
 •  Sound effects editor
 •  Mastering Engineer
 •  Location sound Engineer
 •  Mix Engineer
 •  Foley Recordist /Editor
 •  Recording Engineer
 •  Sound Designer
 •  Pro tools operator
 •  Studio manager
 •  Programmer

Remuneration:

Audio engineering is one of the careers that bring recognition along with money. Depending up on the hard work and effort one puts on his work, he could get the money. Most of the companies may pay the remuneration around and above Rs10, 000 to their audio engineers. 

A recognized audio engineer can easily get his high salary from the industry. Abroad he may get an average of $18,540 as he starts his career.

Courses:

 »  Certificate Course in Audio Engineering
 »  Certificate Course in Audio and Visual Education
 »  Certificate Course in Sound Recording and Reproduction
 »  B.A. Audio Engineering and Digital Film Making
 »  Diploma in Audio and Video Production
 »  Diploma in Sound Engineering
 »  Diploma in Fundamental and Audio Visual Education
 »  Diploma in Sound Recording and Sound Engineering
 »  Diploma in Video Editing and Sound Recording
 »  Post Graduate Certificate Course in Audiography and Television Engineering
 »  Post Graduate Diploma in Audiography

Architectural Engineering

Architectural Engineering

Introduction:

Architecture, the science of building, is the visualization of building blocks. It is the area of study which deals with the designing and planning of buildings and structures and the spaces between them. Architecture is a highly competitive and multi-disciplinary profession which involves a variety of tasks at work. This is a field which covers various fields including spatial design, aesthetics, safety management, material management etc.

Architects are the licensed professionals trained in the art and science of building. They are involved in all the phases of the building construction i.e the functional, safety, economical and has to satisfy the needs of its occupants. They are responsible person for the planning, designing and supervision of construction works for houses, office buildings, skyscrapers, landscapes, and even entire cities. An Architect is a combination of artist, professional and businessperson. They ideates, sketches, makes blueprints of their designs and then sees them come to life as cottages, skyscrapers and even monuments. Apart from designing and construction, architects are trained in activities ranging from conceptual problem solving to project management.

Eligibility & Course Areas:

Ø   A bachelor's degree in architecture (B.Arch) or Diploma in architecture is needed to become a qualified architect. For practical purposes there is no difference between the two qualifications.

Ø   The basic eligibility criteria for B.Arch is 10+2 (senior secondary Class XII) or equivalent referred to as the qualifying examination from a recognized Board/University with a minimum of 50% marks in Science subjects (Physics, Chemistry and Mathematics). Besides this, the candidate must qualify an entrance examination.

Ø   Entrance Tests : Admission to first year of Five years full time undergraduate course in Architecture (Bachelor of Architecture) in various colleges of India is through National and State level entrance examinations. 

Ø   The CBSE (Central Board of Secondary Education ) conducts a national level entrance examination- All India Engineering Entrance Examination (AIEEE) on an All India basis for entry to undergraduate programmed in B. Architecture and B. Planning in government and private institutes. The paper consists of Mathematics, an Aptitude Test and a Drawing test. The National Aptitude test in Architecture (NATA), the online test with drawing exam is conducted by the National Institute of Advanced Studies and Architecture in association with the Council of Architecture (COA). NATA scores are used by admissions authorities of different unaided & Government aided schools / colleges of Architecture, to provide common measures for comparing the qualifications of applicants. NATA measures aesthetic sensitivity, critical thinking, perception, observation and architectural awareness. 

Ø   Entrance to architecture programmed at the Indian Institutes of Technology (IIT's) is through the national level Joint Entrance Examination (JEE). Private institutes conduct entrance exams of their own. Different states also hold separate entrance exams for admission to architecture and engineering colleges in the state. 

Ø   Duration & Course Content : The B.Arch degree programmed is of 5 years duration and includes a period of practical experience. The apprenticeship (usually for one semester) has to be done under a practicing architect. The B. Arch degree prepares the theoretical foundations and gives some practical insight on which a student later develops proficiency and functional accuracy. 

Ø   Apart from the degree course in B.Arch, Diploma in architecture are also available in some institutes as either full time or part time. It will take seven years to complete the part-time diploma courses.

Ø   After completing B.Arch, the candidates if they wish can go for post graduation i.e Master of Architecture (M.Arch.) which is of 2 to 3 semester duration. At the postgraduate level one can specialise in areas like construction management, town planning, interior design, naval architecture, landscape designing, building engineering and management etc. 

Ø   Doctoral programmed (Ph.D) can be pursued after M.Arch or with a B.Arch plus five years experience in professional practice or teaching or research.

Job Prospects & Career Options:

The main task of an architect is to design and execute the plan for construction of any building or area. The job scenario include site selection, field research and supervision, safety management, quality control, environmental planning, estimating and costing, supervision of construction work, interior decoration etc.

They are also employed in industrial ventures, consultancy and private architectural firms, teaching institutions, real estate development firms etc. The most privileged scope in the field of architecture is private practice. With some years of experience in an organisation, the architects can set up their own business. 

Architectural practices or individual architects may choose to specialize in one of a number of areas such as housing, hospital or educational facilities.

A qualified architect, to work as a consultant or to set up private practice, must register with the Council of Architecture before starting their profession.

Remuneration:

A fresh architectural graduate working as a trainee with established architects, starts with a salary of Rs. 4000 - 7000 per month. With in a short span of time, the earnings can rise up to Rs.10,000- 20,000 per month depending upon the experience and the work involved. In the government sectors, the pay scale is not as lucrative as the private sector, since it is set according to the rules by the government. The Council of Architecture has laid down a standard scale of remuneration for services.

In this field, individuals practicing through their own firm could earn a lot, and this could be from thousands to lakhs. Consultants charge anywhere between 4 and 10 per cent of the total cost of construction in case of apartments and multi storied buildings. They charge 15-20 per cent of the total cost of construction in the case of independent houses and bungalows.

Courses:

 » B. Arch. (Architecture)
 » B.E. Naval Architecture
 » B.Tech. Architectural Engineering
 » Diploma in Architectural Assistantship
 » Diploma in Architecture (Dip. Arch)
 » M. Arch (Architecture)

Agricultural Engineering

Agricultural Engineering

Introduction:

Agriculture is the production of food and other goods by systematic and controlled growing of plants and living organisms. It involves working the land, harvesting the crops, rearing and management of farming as well as breeding and raising live stock. In the broad sense, Agriculture includes agronomy, animal husbandry, horticulture, floraculture, aquaculture, silviculture etc. Agriculture plays a major role in the Indian economic scenario contributing around 23% to the Gross Domestic products (GDP). Around 62% of Indian population depend on agriculture for a livelihood.

The career opportunities for agricultural engineering graduates has increased rapidly because of the advancements in biotechnology and growing concerns over environmental quality. Agricultural engineers can either specialize in designing power and machine systems, animal or plant production, environment management or in food and bioprocess. Some of the major jobs handled by agricultural engineers involve improving agricultural farm equipment, farm structures, rural electrification, biogas, new technologies in the design and manufacture of agricultural products and conservation of soil and water.

Eligibility & Course Areas:

Students who wish to pursue a career in Agricultural Engineering should possess a strong foundation in Physics, Chemistry and Mathematics. To become a qualified agricultural engineer one should have a Bachelors degree (B.E/ B.Tech.) or a Masters degree (M.E/M.Tech.) in Agricultural Engineering or at least a diploma in Agricultural Engineering with a minimum of 3 to 4 years experience in field of landscaping, plantation of vegetables, fruits etc.  

Educational Qualification & Selection : The basic eligibility criteria for BE/ B.Tech in Agricultural Engineering is 10+2 or equivalent with Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics and preferably Biology. Duration of bachelors course in agricultural engineering is 4 years.

M.E/ M.Tech courses are of 2 years duration and most institutes admit candidates to these programmed through Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering (GATE). B.E/ B.Tech in Agriculture/ Horticulture or its equivalent is the minimum qualification. Some institutes conducted their own Entrance examination for the post graduate programmes. Candidates with master's degree can go for the 3 years Ph.D. course.

Job Prospects & Career Options:

Agriculture Engineering is a technologically sophisticated and ever expanding field that offers bright career prospects to agricultural graduates. Agriculture Engineers can built up a career in any country around the world and in a variety of sectors, no matter whether it is private or public. Their major task is to improve farming techniques and agricultural products and for that they combine engineering and biological science principles so that, farming is made easier, efficient and more profitable. 

Some of the specialization in the field agricultural engineering include :

·  Agricultural equipment designing

·  Conservation of soil and water

·  Crop production

·  Dairy Management

·  Bio-renewable products

·  Processing of agricultural products etc.

Lucrative careers prospects are available for qualified agricultural engineers in fields like :

·  Government and Public sector organizations

·  Agribusiness firms

·  Food processing and retail industry

·  Research organizations and laboratories.

·  Banks and Financial corporations

·  Sales and Management

        Remuneration:

Compared to other branches of engineering, agricultural engineers receive excellent pay package at the beginning itself. The remuneration depends on the status of the industry and experience, qualification and ability of the employee. They can find job openings both in India and abroad. 

In India, in the government organisations, a fresh graduate in agricultural engineering can expect a salary ranging between Rs 20,000/- to Rs 25,000/- per month. Within 1 to 2 years of experience, the monthly pay scale may  increase to Rs. 30,000/- or more depending on the efficiency, capability and seniority of the employee. Those who are working with private organisations, MNC's and NGO's can earn a good amount. A lecturer in the filed of agricultural engineering can earn an initial amount of Rs 15000/- per month plus other allowance.

Courses:

 » B.E. Agricultural and Irrigation Engineering
 » B.E. Agricultural Engineering
 » B.Tech. Agricultural Engineering
 » B.Tech. Water Resource Engineering
 » M.E. Agricultural Engineering
 » M.E. Hydrology and Water Resources Engineering
 » M.E. Integrated Water Resources Management
 » M.E. Irrigation Water Management
 » M.E. Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering
 » M.E. Water Recourse Engineering
 » M.E. Water Resources and Irrigation Engineering
 » M.Tech. Agricultural Engineering
 » M.Tech. Agricultural Water Management
 » M.Tech. Water Resource Engineering

Aeronautical Engineering

Aeronautical Engineering

Introduction:

Aeronautical / Aerospace Engineering is one of the most challenging fields of engineering with a wide scope for growth. This field deals with the development of new technology in the field of aviation, space exploration and defence systems. It specialises in the designing, construction, development, testing, operation and maintenance of both commercial and military aircraft, space crafts and their components as well as satellites and missiles.

As Aerospace engineering involves design and manufacture of very high technology systems, the job requires manual, technical as well as mechanical aptitude. Aeronautical engineer's usually work in teams under the supervision of senior engineers, bringing together their skills and technical expertise. Though highly paid, the work is very demanding. An aeronautical engineer needs to be physically fit and fully dedicated to his work. One needs to be alert, have an eye for detail and should have a high level of mathematical precision to be successful.

Eligibility & Course Areas:

Ø   To be an aeronautical engineer one should have a graduate degree (B.E/B.Tech.) or at least a diploma in Aeronautics. The degree and postgraduate degree courses are offered by the engineering colleges and Institutes of Technology (IITs), and the diploma courses are available at polytechnics.

Ø   The basic eligibility criteria for a BE / B.Tech is 10+2 or equivalent examination, with Physics, Chemistry and Mathematics and must have a fairly high percentage of marks in the aggregate. One must also pass the qualifying exam JEE (Joint Entrance Exam) conducted by the IIT's.

Selection:

Ø   Selection to the graduate courses ( BE / B.Tech ) is based on merit i.e the marks secured in the final exams of 10+2 and through entrance exams. Entrance to the IIT's is through 'JEE' (Joint Entrance Exam) and for other institutions through their own separate entrance exams and other state level and national level exams. Most of the institutes conducting engineering courses in Aeronautics consider JEE score as the qualifying grade.

Ø   There is also the Associate Membership Examination of the Institute of Engineers (AMIE), which enables working people in the private and public sector, or diploma holders to acquire a Bachelor's engineering degree through distance education by studying the syllabus and appearing for the Associate membership examination of the Institute of Engineers (AMIE) conducted by ASI ('The Aeronautical Society of India'). This degree is equivalent to aeronautical engineering degree. Those with a degree in electronics, mathematics or physics can also find opportunities in this area.

Ø    Some Institutes offer postgraduate (M Tech) and Doctoral (Ph D) programmed in Aeronautics. The Madras Institute of Technology offers a three year Graduate Programmed in Aeronautical Engineering for BSc students, subject to their having passed Maths and Physics at the graduation stage. The Indian Institute of Science (IIS), Bangalore has M Tech and Ph D programmed in aeronautics.

Duration:

 The duration is four years, ending with a degree recognized by the ministry of education, government of India. The diploma courses are of 2-3 years duration.

Personal Skills:

 Aeronautical engineers should have an eye for detail and be good at problem-solving. They need mathematical precision and design skills, computer skills, and the ability to communicate well. They also need good planning ability and a knack for working under pressure. An aeronautical engineer needs to be physically fit an may need to often work at great speed especially in checking and maintenance of aircrafts during turnarounds. They must have a normal colour vision.

Job Prospects & Career Options:

Ø   Aeronautical Engineers work with one of the most technologically advanced branches of engineering. The main thrust in this area is on design and development of aircrafts to space and satellite research. Jobs are available with the national, international, public and private Airline Services as well as aircraft-manufacturing units.

Ø   Job opportunities for an Aeronautical Engineer in India, lies with various airlines like Air India, Indian Airlines,  Helicopter Corporation of India and flying clubs, private airlines and government owned air service and aircraft manufacturers like the Hindustan Aeronautics Ltd. (HAL) with its factories at Bangalore, Nashik, Koraput, Kanpur etc. Defense Research and Development Laboratories, National Aeronautical Lab (NAL), Aeronautical Development Establishment, Civil Aviation Department etc. The Defence services and Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) also happen to be two major employers.  

Remuneration:

Engineers in government organisations, are paid official scales while those in the private sector are paid according to the scales decided by the management of the company. 

The approximate starting salaries in the government /public sectors such as HAL, NAL are Rs. 8,000 to Rs.10,000 (excluding other allowances). In the private sector, the scales are decided by the management of the company and are approximately Rs.8,000 to Rs.15,000 per month plus perks. Engineering graduates with management degrees get a starting salary of Rs.10,000 to Rs.40,000 per month plus perks. Entrepreneurs can earn above Rs.20,000/- per month. Airline professionals get fringe benefits of free travel for self and family also, apart from numerous other perks.

Courses:

Aeronautical Engineering is offered by the Indian Institute of Technology in Chennai, Mumbai, Kanpur and Kharagpur and also by the Punjab Engineering College, Chandigarh. The Madras Institute of Technology offers a three year Graduate Programmed in Aeronautical Engineering for B Sc students, subject to their having passed Maths and Physics at the graduation stage. The Indian Institute of Science (IIS), Bangalore has M Tech and Ph D programmed in Aeronautics.

 » Aeronautical Engineering (AMAeSI)
 » B.E. Aeronautical Engineering
 » B.Tech. Aeronautical Engineering
 » M.E. Aeronautical Engineering